Hanademi

The door just closed on housing

14 slides · $3.08 · 18 min · 2026-06-12 language
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The door just closed on housingMade for Freddy Vega, by Hanademi
La puerta de la vivienda se acabade cerrarMade for Freddy Vega, by Hanademi
Zero of 95 housing marketsaffordable in 2024.Eight countries, every major metro tracked, all unaffordable for the first time on record.Sources: Chapman University Newsroom. (2025, May 14). Chapman University releases international housing affordability report.
Zero of 95 housing markets affordable in 2024. Eight countries, every major metro tracked, all unaffordable for the first time on record.
Cero de 95 mercados asequibles en 2024.Ocho países, cada metrópoli rastreada, todos inasequibles por primera vez en elregistro.Fuentes: Chapman University Newsroom. (2025, May 14). Chapman University releases international housing affordability report.
Cero de 95 mercados asequibles en 2024. Ocho países, cada metrópoli rastreada, todos inasequibles por primera vez en el registro.
Portugal led the OECD price surgeMade for Freddy Vega, by HanademiSources: Visual Capitalist. (2025, February 24). Mapped: Home affordability trends in OECD countries since 2015.Unit% change, 2015-202458%Portugal37%Canada30%United StatesNetherlands27%Switzerland24%Czechia22%Australia20%Luxembourg18%IrelandSlovenia17%GreeceSpain16%Austria15%Estonia14%Hungary12%Japan10%Norway7%Germany6%LithuaniaDenmark5%United KingdomSlovak RepublicLatvia2%Poland
Portugal's price-to-income ratio jumped 58% in nine years; Canada and the US each climbed about 30%. The shape is the story: nearly every OECD economy moved in the same direction, just at different speeds.
Portugal lideró el alza de precios en laOCDEMade for Freddy Vega, by HanademiFuentes: Visual Capitalist. (2025, February 24). Mapped: Home affordability trends in OECD countries since 2015.Unidad% cambio, 2015-202458 %Portugal37 %Canada30 %United StatesNetherlands27 %Switzerland24 %Czechia22 %Australia20 %Luxembourg18 %IrelandSlovenia17 %GreeceSpain16 %Austria15 %Estonia14 %Hungary12 %Japan10 %Norway7 %Germany6 %LithuaniaDenmark5 %United KingdomSlovak RepublicLatvia2 %Poland
La razón precio-ingreso de Portugal subió 58% en nueve años; Canadá y EE.UU. cerca de 30%. La forma es la historia: casi toda la OCDE se movió en la misma dirección, a distinto ritmo.
Hong Kong requires 18 years of income forone homeMade for Freddy Vega, by HanademiSources: Habidato. (2026, May 6). Mapping housing affordability: Global price-to-income benchmarks for 2026.Unityears of incomeHong Kong18.4Vancouver12.2London10.8San Francisco9.4U.S. National5.1
Hong Kong demands 18.4 years of full household income, the most extreme reading ever recorded. Even the US national average at 5.1 years would have been considered a crisis a generation ago.
Hong Kong exige 18 años de ingreso por unacasaMade for Freddy Vega, by HanademiFuentes: Habidato. (2026, May 6). Mapping housing affordability: Global price-to-income benchmarks for 2026.Unidadaños de ingresoHong Kong18,4Vancouver12,2London10,8San Francisco9,4U.S. National5,1
Hong Kong exige 18.4 años del ingreso total del hogar, la cifra más extrema jamás registrada. Incluso el promedio nacional de EE.UU. de 5.1 años habría sido una crisis hace una generación.
Latin America's capitals are out of reachMade for Freddy Vega, by HanademiSources: Numbeo. (2025). South America: Property Prices Index by City 2025; Numbeo. (2026). America: Current Property PricesIndex by City.Unityears of income0102022.1Bogota20.3Buenos Aires18.1Santiago17.9Sao Paulo14.2Mexico CityUS national: 5.1
Every major Latin American capital demands over 17 years of income, with Bogota at 22.1. The reference line marks the US national ratio: even Mexico City sits nearly 3x above it.
Las capitales de América Latina soninalcanzablesMade for Freddy Vega, by HanademiFuentes: Numbeo. (2025). South America: Property Prices Index by City 2025; Numbeo. (2026). America: Current Property PricesIndex by City.Unidadaños de ingreso0102022,1Bogota20,3Buenos Aires18,1Santiago17,9Sao Paulo14,2Ciudad de MexicoEE.UU. nacional: 5.1
Cada capital latinoamericana exige más de 17 años de ingreso; Bogotá llega a 22.1. La línea marca la razón nacional de EE.UU.: incluso Ciudad de México está casi 3x por encima.
The US ratio nearly doubled in 35 yearsMade for Freddy Vega, by HanademiSources: Housing Almanac. (2026). U.S. Housing Affordability Index History; Harvard Joint Center for Housing Studies.(2022). Home price-income ratio reaches record high.Unitprice-to-income ratio0241990200020102025Affordable threshold2.75.1
A home cost 2.7 years of pay in 1990 and 5.1 in 2025: roughly two extra years of total income. Harvard found the 2022 ratio of 5.6x beat the 2006 bubble peak; the affordability line of 3x is now a memory.
La razón de EE.UU. casi se duplicó en 35añosMade for Freddy Vega, by HanademiFuentes: Housing Almanac. (2026). U.S. Housing Affordability Index History; Harvard Joint Center for Housing Studies. (2022).Home price-income ratio reaches record high.Unidadrazón precio-ingreso0241990200020102025Umbral asequible2,75,1
Una vivienda costaba 2.7 años de salario en 1990 y 5.1 en 2025: casi dos años extra de ingreso total. Harvard halló que el 5.6x de 2022 superó el pico de 2006; el umbral asequible de 3x ya es historia.
Prices jumped 38% as rates more thandoubledMade for Freddy Vega, by HanademiSources: Housing Almanac. (2026, April 26). Housing Affordability Through the Decades.Home prices, 2020-20241001382020202430-year mortgage rate3.0%6.8%20212024
Prices climbed 38% while mortgage rates ran from 3% to nearly 7%, compounding the squeeze. The two forces multiply: the monthly payment on a typical home roughly doubled in four years.
Los precios subieron 38% y las tasas semás que duplicaronMade for Freddy Vega, by HanademiFuentes: Housing Almanac. (2026, April 26). Housing Affordability Through the Decades.Precios de vivienda, 2020-202410013820202024Tasa hipotecaria a 30 años3,0 %6,8 %20212024
Los precios subieron 38% mientras las tasas pasaron de 3% a casi 7%, agravando el ahogo. Las dos fuerzas se multiplican: la cuota mensual típica casi se duplicó en cuatro años.
The supply gap barely closedMade for Freddy Vega, by HanademiSources: Up for Growth. (2024). Housing Underproduction in the U.S.; Freddie Mac. (2025). Housing Supply: Still Undersupplied;U.S. Census Bureau (2026). New residential construction: April 2026.Unitmillion units short3.920243.72025
The US is still short 3.7 million homes; completions are running at 1.45 million a year. At April 2026's completion pace the gap takes years to close even if demand stays flat.
La brecha de oferta apenas se cerróMade for Freddy Vega, by HanademiFuentes: Up for Growth. (2024). Housing Underproduction in the U.S.; Freddie Mac. (2025). Housing Supply: StillUndersupplied; U.S. Census Bureau (2026). New residential construction: April 2026.Unidadmillones de unidades faltantes3,920243,72025
EE.UU. aún necesita 3.7 millones de viviendas; las terminaciones van a 1.45 millones al año. Al ritmo de abril de 2026, la brecha tarda años en cerrarse aunque la demanda no crezca.
The first-time buyer is now 40Made for Freddy Vega, by HanademiSources: National Association of REALTORS. (2025). First-Time Home Buyer Share Falls to Historic Low; Realtor.com (2025).2021-2023 interpolated between explicit NAR anchors.Unitmedian age3035401980s2020202120222023202420252940
Median first-time buyer age went from late 20s to 40, with seven years added since 2020 alone. Roughly the time it takes to earn a degree and finish a medical residency has been added to the wait.
El comprador primerizo tiene ahora 40añosMade for Freddy Vega, by HanademiFuentes: National Association of REALTORS. (2025). First-Time Home Buyer Share Falls to Historic Low; Realtor.com (2025).2021-2023 interpolados entre puntos explicitos de NAR.Unidadedad mediana3035401980s2020202120222023202420252940
La edad mediana pasó de casi 30 a 40 años; siete años sumados solo desde 2020. Se sumó al espera lo que dura una licenciatura más una residencia médica.
First-time buyers are half what they wereMade for Freddy Vega, by HanademiSources: National Association of REALTORS. (2025, November 4).Unit% of US home sales21%First-time buyer share
Only 21% of US home sales now go to first-time buyers, half their pre-2008 share. Waiting until 40 to buy instead of 30 costs a typical US household about $150,000 in lifetime equity.
Los compradores primerizos son la mitadde antesMade for Freddy Vega, by HanademiFuentes: National Association of REALTORS. (2025, November 4).Unidad% de ventas en EE.UU.21 %Cuota primerizos
Solo el 21% de las ventas van a compradores primerizos, la mitad que antes de 2008. Comprar a los 40 en lugar de a los 30 cuesta al hogar típico unos 150,000 dólares en patrimonio.
Young Europeans stay home almost adecade longerMade for Freddy Vega, by HanademiSources: Eurostat. (2025). Young people - housing conditions; OECD. (2025). HM1.4 Living arrangements by age groups.Unitage leaving parental home0102030Age leaving parental homeFinland21.4Denmark21.7Sweden21.9Spain30Italy30.1Greece30.7Slovakia30.9Croatia31.3EU average: 26.2
Croatians leave home at 31.3 and Finns at 21.4; the EU average sits at 26.2 years. More than 3 in 4 young people in Italy, Korea, and Spain still live with their parents, among the OECD's highest shares.
Los jóvenes europeos se quedan casi unadécada másMade for Freddy Vega, by HanademiFuentes: Eurostat. (2025). Young people - housing conditions; OECD. (2025). HM1.4 Living arrangements by age groups.Unidadedad al salir del hogar0102030Edad al dejar el hogarFinlandia21,4Dinamarca21,7Suecia21,9Espana30Italia30,1Grecia30,7Eslovaquia30,9Croacia31,3Media UE: 26.2
Los croatas dejan el hogar a los 31.3 y los finlandeses a los 21.4; la media de la UE es 26.2. Más de 3 de cada 4 jóvenes en Italia, Corea y España viven con sus padres, de los más altos de la OCDE.
OECD real house prices hit 134 points in2025, the peak of a three-decade climb.Affordability explains up to a quarter of the rise in young adults still living with theirparents.Sources: OECD. (2025). HM1.2 Housing prices.
OECD real house prices hit 134 points in 2025, the peak of a three-decade climb. Affordability explains up to a quarter of the rise in young adults still living with their parents.
Los precios reales de la OCDE llegarona 134 puntos en 2025, cima de tresdécadas de subida.La asequibilidad explica hasta una cuarta parte del aumento de jóvenes que viven con suspadres.Fuentes: OECD. (2025). HM1.2 Housing prices.
Los precios reales de la OCDE llegaron a 134 puntos en 2025, cima de tres décadas de subida. La asequibilidad explica hasta una cuarta parte del aumento de jóvenes que viven con sus padres.
In the UK, parents' tenure decides yoursMade for Freddy Vega, by HanademiSources: Boileau, B., & Sturrock, D. (2023). Help onto the housing ladder. IFS Report R289.Unit% homeowners, ages 25-392009Children of ownersChildren of renters1.5×60%40%20192.3×51%22%
By 2019 UK children of owners were 51% homeowners, more than double the 22% rate for children of renters. Both groups slid downward, but the gap widened: the housing ladder is becoming an elevator with a family key.
En el Reino Unido, la vivienda de tus padresdecide la tuyaMade for Freddy Vega, by HanademiFuentes: Boileau, B., & Sturrock, D. (2023). Help onto the housing ladder. IFS Report R289.Unidad% propietarios, 25-39 años2009Hijos de propietariosHijos de inquilinos1,5×60 %40 %20192,3×51 %22 %
En 2019 los hijos de propietarios del Reino Unido eran 51% dueños, más del doble del 22% de los hijos de inquilinos. Ambos grupos cayeron, pero la brecha se amplió: la escalera de vivienda se vuelve un elevador con llave familiar.
Family money writes the down paymentMade for Freddy Vega, by HanademiSources: Peachey, K. (2025). Bank of mum and dad. BBC; National Association of Realtors. (2024); Federal Reserve Board.(2025); Mortgage Solutions. (2026, June 8).Unit% of first-time buyersUK gift share 202452%UK family-funded 202653%US gift share 202425%US young owners from transfers27%
Half of UK first-time buyers and a quarter of US ones now lean on family money to get in. A Fed study attributes 27% of young US homeownership directly to parental transfers; UK families gifted 11 billion pounds by mid-2026.
El dinero familiar paga el engancheMade for Freddy Vega, by HanademiFuentes: Peachey, K. (2025). Bank of mum and dad. BBC; National Association of Realtors. (2024); Federal ReserveBoard. (2025); Mortgage Solutions. (2026, June 8).Unidad% de compradores primerizosUK regalo 202452 %UK financiados 202653 %US regalo 202425 %US jovenes por transferencia27 %
La mitad de los primerizos británicos y un cuarto de los estadounidenses se apoyan en dinero familiar. La Fed atribuye 27% de la propiedad joven en EE.UU. a transferencias paternas; familias británicas donaron 11.000 millones de libras hasta 2026.
Ownership rate has barely changed over sixdecadesMade for Freddy Vega, by HanademiSources: Housing Almanac (2024); Apartment List (2026).Unit% US homeownership62%65%68%70%69%19651990200420162022
The US ownership rate sits at 65.6%, near its 60-year average, and 87% of young renters still want to buy. Steady headline rate masks who owns: older, wealthier, family-funded households — increasingly heirs rather than first-time buyers.
La tasa de propiedad apenas cambió en seisdécadasMade for Freddy Vega, by HanademiFuentes: Housing Almanac (2024); Apartment List (2026).Unidad% propiedad EE.UU.62 %65 %68 %70 %69 %19651990200420162022
La tasa de propiedad en EE.UU. es 65.6%, cerca de su promedio de 60 años, y 87% de los jóvenes inquilinos quieren comprar. La tasa estable oculta quién posee: hogares mayores, con mayor patrimonio y financiados por la familia — cada vez más herederos que compradores primerizos.

La investigación detrás de esta presentación

Los precios se desligaron de los salarios en una generación. De 95 mercados importantes, ninguno es asequible, el comprador primerizo tiene 40 años y el dinero familiar decide quién entra.

Hallazgos clave

El argumento

Esta investigación se publica en inglés y español. Read in English